Publicaciones 2
Algunas de las publicaciones científicas del Colegio Mexicano de Anestesiología y Analgésia Veterinaria.
10
Effects of single hyperinflation using a sustained high pressure manoeuvre during inhalation anaesthesia in horses
abstract
The effect of a single hyperinflation using a sustained high-pressure manoeuvre (SHPM) during inhalation anaesthesia was evaluated in horses. Twenty-eight client-owned male horses were recruited; 14 were operated on in dorsal recumbency and 14 in lateral recumbency. For each category, horses were randomly allocated to either the ‘breathing spontaneously’ or ‘mechanically ventilated’ group. After 30 min of anaesthesia, baseline cardiorespiratory parameters were collected and a SHPM of 50 cmH2O during 50 s was undertaken. In the group of horses breathing spontaneously and positioned in dorsal recumbency, venous admixture developed significantly more than in other groups and a single SHPM only partially and transiently improved arterial oxygenation. No benefit of the respiratory manoeuvre was observed in the other groups.
11
Electrocardiographic changes in rats undergoing thoracic surgery under combined parenteral anesthesia
To compare two protocols of combined parenteral general anesthesia, the authors analyzed electrocardiographic changes in anesthetized rats undergoing left pneumonectomy.
One group of rats was anesthetized with a combination of medetomidine and ketamine
(group 1, n = 10), and the other was injected with diazepam and ketamine (group 2,
n = 10). Investigators obtained two electrocardiograms from each rat, one before surgery (5 min after anesthesia) and one after surgery (60 min after anesthesia). Anesthetic induction was quick for all rats, though four rats in group 2 died before surgery. Mean cardiac frequency and R-wave amplitude were significantly lower in rats in group 1 than in rats in group 2. Rats in group 1 received injections of atipamezole about 60 min
after surgery, which reversed the effects of medetomidine; these rats regained voluntary respiratory movement more quickly than did rats in group 2. Two additional rats in group 2 died during postsurgical recovery. These results suggest that for thoracic surgery in rats, medetomidine-ketamine is an appropriate anesthetic combination, may be safer than diazepam-ketamine and yields a shorter recovery time.
12
Evaluation of the isoflurane-sparing effects of fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, or the combination lidocaine-ketamine-dexmedetomidine during ovariohysterectomy in dogs
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the isoflurane-sparing effects of an intravenous (IV) constant rate infusion (CRI) of fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, or lidocaine-ketamine-dexmedetomidine (LKD) in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
13
Isoflurane but not halothane minimum alveolar concentrationsparing response of dexmedetomidine is enhanced in rats chronically treated with selective a2-adrenoceptor agonist
Abstract
Halothane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)-sparing response is preserved in rats rendered tolerant to the action of dexmedetomidine. It has been shown that halothane and isoflurane act at different sites to produce immobility. The authors studied whether there was any difference between halothane and isoflurane MAC-sparing effects of dexmedetomidine in rats after chronic administration of a low dose of this drug. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups of six animals: two groups received 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine for five days (treated groups) and the other two groups received intraperitoneal saline solution for five days (naive groups) prior to halothane or isoflurane MAC determination (one treated and one naive group of halothane and one treated and one naive group of isoflurane). Halothane or isoflurane MAC determination was performed before (basal) and 30 min after an intraperitoneal dose of 30 mg/kg of dexmedetomidine (post-dex) from alveolar gas samples at the time of tail clamp. Administration of an acute dose of dexmedetomidine to animals that had chronically received dexmedetomidine resulted in a MAC-sparing effect that was similar to that seen in naive animals for halothane; however, the same treatment increased the MAC-sparing response of dexmedetomidine for isoflurane. Isoflurane but not halothane MAC-sparing response of acutely administered dexmedetomidine is enhanced in rats chronically treated with this drug.
14
Lidocaine, Dexmedetomidine and Their Combination Reduce Isoflurane Minimum Alveolar Concentration in Dogs
Abstract
The effects of intravenous (IV) lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination delivered as a bolus followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MACISO) in dogs were evaluated. Seven healthy adult dogs were included. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. For each dog, baseline MAC (MACISO/BASAL) was determined after a 90-minute equilibration period. Thereafter, each dog received one of the following treatments (loading dose, CRI): lidocaine 2 mg kg21, 100 mg kg21 minute21; dexmedetomidine 2 mg kg21, 2 mg kg21 hour21; or their combination. MAC was then determined again after 45- minutes of treatment by CRI. At the doses administered, lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination significantly reduced MACISO by 27.3% (range: 12.5–39.2%), 43.4% (33.3–53.3%) and 60.9% (46.1–78.1%), respectively, when compared to MACISO/BASAL. The combination resulted in a greater MACISO reduction than the two drugs alone. Their use, at the doses studied, provides a clinically important reduction in the concentration of ISO during anaesthesia in dogs.
15
Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Isoflurane in Rats Chronically Treated with the Synthetic Cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2
Simple Summary: The minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (inhaled anesthetic required to prevent movement in 50% of subjects exposed to a supramaximal noxious stimulus) was determined in 24 male rats chronically treated with the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 to evaluate the interaction of isoflurane with chronically administered cannabinoid agonist. The minimum alveolar concentration was determined in one group without treatment, in rats treated for 21 days with WIN 55,212-2, and another group 8 days after stopping treatment for 21 days with cannabinoid. We believe it is necessary to study the effects of chronic consumption of these substances on the requirements of inhalation anesthetics in patients that will be submitted to general anesthesia. The administration for 21 days of WIN 55,212-2 increases the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rats; this effect does not disappear after 8 days of discontinuing treatment with the synthetic cannabinoid.
16
Pharmacological Regulation in the USA and Pharmacokinetics Parameters of Firocoxib, a Highly Selective Cox-2, by Pain Management in Horses
Abstract: The objective of the study was to conduct a review of the pharmacological regulation and pharmaco- kinetic parameters of firocoxib when administered orally or intravenously in horses. A search for liter- ature was done in SCOPUS and PubMed for studies that had to evaluate the pharmacological regulation as well as the pharmacokinetic parameters of firocoxib when administered in horses. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretics, and antiendotoxic effects. The newly developed is selective to COX2 characterized by less adverse effects in veterinary patients when administered at the recommended doses and do not exceed the established prescribed time. Firocoxib is authorized by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of pain in horses, whereas for humans, there is still no approval. Controversy has arisen because the administration of the same pharmaceutical presentation in horses and dogs has pharmacokinetic differences between animal spe- cies. However, special attention must be paid to pharmacokinetic differences between species like in horses and dogs. In the case of the horse, the dosage is 0.1 mg/kg in single dose or up to 14 days in oral paste formulation and can keep maintained on the same concentration for a period of 7e14 days in oral tablet formulation. Thorough knowledge of pharmacological regulations and pharmacokinetic parame- ters, it allows the posology and effective application of firocoxib in pathologies associated with chronic pain, avoiding the indiscriminate use by owners and in some cases veterinarians, thus reducing the negative impacts on horse's health.
17
Postoperative analgesic effects of either a constant rate infusion of fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, or the combination lidocaine-ketaminedexmedetomidine after ovariohysterectomy in dogs
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the postoperative analgesic effects of a constant rate infusion (CRI) of either fentanyl (FENT), lidocaine (LIDO), ketamine (KET), dexmedetomidine (DEX), or the combination lido- caine-ketamine-dexmedetomidine (LKD) in dogs.
18
Repeated Administration of the Cannabinoid WIN Alters the Isoflurane-Sparing Effect of Morphine and Dexmedetomidine
Simple Summary: The minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (inhaled anesthetic required to prevent movement in 50% of subjects exposed to a supramaximal noxious stimulus) was determined in 24 male rats chronically treated with the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 to evaluate the interaction of isoflurane with chronically administered cannabinoid agonist. The minimum alveolar concentration was determined in one group without treatment, in rats treated for 21 days with WIN 55,212-2, and another group 8 days after stopping treatment for 21 days with cannabinoid. We believe it is necessary to study the effects of chronic consumption of these substances on the requirements of inhalation anesthetics in patients that will be submitted to general anesthesia. The administration for 21 days of WIN 55,212-2 increases the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rats; this effect does not disappear after 8 days of discontinuing treatment with the synthetic cannabinoid.
Publicaciones con autores nacionales e internacionales
Consulta las publicaciones y conoce más
